Judiciary question bank

Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC) MCQs for Judiciary, Page 8

Judiciary Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC) questions 176-200 of 275, with answer keys and explanations covering criminal courts, arrest, investigation, bail, charge, trial, evidence procedure, appeal, revision, and the BNSS.

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Practice judiciary exam MCQs with answers and explanations across substantive law, procedure, evidence, constitutional law, and state judicial service subjects.

  • Anticipatory Bail10
  • Arrest, Search, Seizure and Remand11
  • Bail in Bailable and Non-Bailable Offences10
  • Bail, Bonds and Liberty8
  • Bail, Cancellation, and Post-Charge-Sheet Liberty5
  • BNSS Foundations and Court Structure7
  • BNSS Mixed Practice8
  • BNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure10
  • Compounding, Quashing and Revision3
  • Default Bail10
  • Default Bail and Timing Traps5
  • FIR and Early Recording5
  • FIR and Registration10
  • FIR, Investigation and Police Reports12
  • Inherent Powers and Compounding10
  • Initiation of Criminal Process10
  • Investigation10
  • Investigation and Police Statements5
  • Lalita Kumari and Preliminary Inquiry10
  • Lalita Kumari and Threshold Scrutiny5
  • Magistrate Stage Nuances5
  • Magistrate-Ordered Investigation10
  • Notice Before Arrest and Arrest Safeguards5
  • Quashing and Settlement5
  • Remand and Custody15
  • Rights of the Accused10
  • Search, Seizure, and Digital Process5
  • Search, Seizure, and Related Powers10
  • Technology and Contemporary BNSS Reforms2
  • Trial Process10
  • Trial, Charges and Court Procedure14
  • Victim Rights, Witnesses and Sentencing10
  • Victim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial10
Question 176MediumTrial Process

Examination of the accused under the general court-questioning provision serves mainly to:

  1. A

    Compel a confession

  2. B

    Give the accused an opportunity to personally explain incriminating circumstances appearing in evidence

  3. C

    Replace cross-examination

  4. D

    Close the defence evidence automatically

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Give the accused an opportunity to personally explain incriminating circumstances appearing in evidence

The provision reflects fairness. If the record contains material adverse to the accused, the court must ordinarily give them an opportunity to respond.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 177HardTrial Process

A hostile witness does not necessarily mean that:

  1. A

    The entire prosecution case must collapse as a matter of law

  2. B

    The witness's entire testimony becomes legally nonexistent

  3. C

    The court may examine which portions, if any, remain reliable and corroborated

  4. D

    The judge must acquit immediately

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. The court may examine which portions, if any, remain reliable and corroborated

The law does not require total rejection of hostile testimony. Courts may rely on credible parts that are otherwise supported.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 178EasyTrial Process

The right of cross-examination is central because it allows the defence to:

  1. A

    Write the judgment

  2. B

    Test accuracy, bias, perception, and consistency of adverse evidence

  3. C

    Avoid all court attendance

  4. D

    Choose the prosecutor

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Test accuracy, bias, perception, and consistency of adverse evidence

Cross-examination is one of the principal mechanisms through which the adversarial system tests the reliability of oral evidence.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 179MediumTrial Process

A speedy trial is constitutionally significant because delay:

  1. A

    Is always beneficial to the accused

  2. B

    Can itself become a form of injustice for both the accused and the victim

  3. C

    Automatically proves innocence

  4. D

    Removes the burden of proof

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Can itself become a form of injustice for both the accused and the victim

Delay erodes memory, increases anxiety, prolongs stigma, and weakens institutional legitimacy. Speed is therefore tied to fairness, not mere efficiency.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 180EasyTrial Process

The broad function of trial procedure is to ensure that allegations are decided:

  1. A

    By executive suspicion alone

  2. B

    Through a public, fair, reasoned, and evidence-based adjudicatory process

  3. C

    By private settlement only

  4. D

    Without allowing defence participation

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Through a public, fair, reasoned, and evidence-based adjudicatory process

Trial is where accusation is tested against legal standards of proof. Procedure protects the legitimacy of the ultimate verdict.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 181EasyBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

The replacement of the CrPC by the BNSS in 2024 primarily signifies:

  1. A

    A shift in procedural text governing criminal process in India

  2. B

    The end of all prior criminal jurisprudence

  3. C

    The abolition of Magistrates

  4. D

    The disappearance of constitutional scrutiny

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. A shift in procedural text governing criminal process in India

The new code reorganises and updates the procedural framework, but prior case law and constitutional principles continue to matter unless inconsistent with the new statute.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 182EasyBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

One widely discussed theme in BNSS reform is:

  1. A

    Greater digitalisation of information, process, and records

  2. B

    Complete removal of judicial oversight

  3. C

    Abolition of investigation

  4. D

    Replacement of evidence by media reports

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Greater digitalisation of information, process, and records

BNSS reform discussions often emphasise electronic communication, digital processes, and structured documentation. The promise is efficiency, though implementation remains crucial.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 183EasyBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

A reform that permits electronic communication of information about certain offences is generally intended to:

  1. A

    Prevent reporting from outside the police station

  2. B

    Reduce access to the process

  3. C

    Make initial reporting more accessible and responsive in modern conditions

  4. D

    Eliminate verification of identity forever

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Make initial reporting more accessible and responsive in modern conditions

Digital reporting reforms aim to reduce friction and delay at the first stage of the criminal process. Their value lies in faster access and more durable documentation.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 184MediumBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

The use of audio-video technology in modern criminal procedure is generally defended on the ground that it may:

  1. A

    Improve continuity, preserve records, and reduce some forms of procedural dispute

  2. B

    Replace all live hearings permanently in every situation

  3. C

    Destroy fair trial rights automatically

  4. D

    Make legal representation unnecessary

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Improve continuity, preserve records, and reduce some forms of procedural dispute

Properly used, audio-video tools may strengthen transparency and reduce controversy about what occurred at certain procedural stages. They must still be used consistently with fairness.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 185MediumBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

A recurrent criticism of criminal-law reform packages is that:

  1. A

    Textual change alone does not guarantee better policing, prosecution, or fair implementation

  2. B

    New statutes always fail

  3. C

    Colonial statutes were perfect

  4. D

    Judicial training is irrelevant

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Textual change alone does not guarantee better policing, prosecution, or fair implementation

Procedure lives in institutions. Without training, infrastructure, and rights-sensitive practice, legislative reform may remain symbolic rather than transformative.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 186MediumBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

The idea of requiring stronger forensic engagement in serious offences is usually linked to:

  1. A

    Making investigation more evidence-based and less dependent on mere confession or conjecture

  2. B

    Eliminating witness testimony

  3. C

    Preventing courts from reading files

  4. D

    Making bail impossible

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Making investigation more evidence-based and less dependent on mere confession or conjecture

Forensic orientation seeks to improve objectivity and evidentiary quality. Its success, however, depends on capacity, chain of custody, and laboratory integrity.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 187EasyBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

A digital criminal process still remains subject to the Constitution because:

  1. A

    Technology displaces fundamental rights

  2. B

    Efficiency does not override liberty, privacy, fair hearing, and reasoned decision-making

  3. C

    Online systems cannot be reviewed by courts

  4. D

    Electronic records are outside legal control

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Efficiency does not override liberty, privacy, fair hearing, and reasoned decision-making

Digital process is still process under law. Constitutional values continue to govern how information is collected, stored, shared, and used.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 188MediumBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

The most serious risk in celebrating procedural modernisation too quickly is that:

  1. A

    Computers are always illegal

  2. B

    The appearance of reform may conceal unchanged ground-level habits of arbitrary practice

  3. C

    Judges will stop writing

  4. D

    Bail will disappear completely

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. The appearance of reform may conceal unchanged ground-level habits of arbitrary practice

A modern statute may look impressive on paper, but the true test remains implementation by police, prosecutors, prisons, and trial courts.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 189EasyBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

Contemporary criminal procedure reform must be evaluated not only by speed, but also by:

  1. A

    How effectively it preserves fairness, accountability, and the rights of the accused and victim

  2. B

    How many new abbreviations it introduces

  3. C

    How often it is cited on social media

  4. D

    Whether it reduces reading by lawyers

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. How effectively it preserves fairness, accountability, and the rights of the accused and victim

Faster procedure is not automatically better procedure. The central question is whether the system remains fair and rights-compliant while becoming more efficient.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 190MediumBNSS Reforms and Contemporary Criminal Procedure

The most accurate statement about BNSS and earlier CrPC jurisprudence is that:

  1. A

    Earlier case law becomes automatically irrelevant overnight

  2. B

    Earlier doctrinal principles continue to guide interpretation so far as they remain consistent with the new procedural text and constitutional norms

  3. C

    Judges may no longer cite older cases

  4. D

    Only Parliament may interpret the change

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Earlier doctrinal principles continue to guide interpretation so far as they remain consistent with the new procedural text and constitutional norms

Procedural transition does not wipe out accumulated legal reasoning. Courts continue to use earlier jurisprudence where the new code preserves similar concepts or structures.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 191EasyVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

A fair criminal process must take seriously the interests of victims because:

  1. A

    Victims replace the court

  2. B

    Participation, dignity, and procedural responsiveness are part of modern justice discourse

  3. C

    Victims always decide guilt

  4. D

    Victims are never affected by delay

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Participation, dignity, and procedural responsiveness are part of modern justice discourse

Modern criminal justice increasingly recognises that victims are not merely background figures. Their dignity, information access, and participation matter, though adjudication remains judicial.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 192MediumVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

Victim compensation schemes are important because:

  1. A

    Every offence must end in damages only

  2. B

    They recognise that the criminal process may need to address the material consequences of crime alongside punishment

  3. C

    They automatically prove guilt

  4. D

    They replace civil law entirely

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. They recognise that the criminal process may need to address the material consequences of crime alongside punishment

Compensation does not replace punishment or private remedies, but it acknowledges that crime often leaves concrete human loss that deserves institutional response.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 193EasyVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

Witness protection is linked to fair trial because:

  1. A

    Fearless testimony improves the reliability of fact-finding

  2. B

    Witnesses should be encouraged to avoid court

  3. C

    It removes the need for cross-examination

  4. D

    It converts every witness into a prosecutor

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Fearless testimony improves the reliability of fact-finding

If witnesses are intimidated, the truth-finding function of trial is damaged. Protection therefore serves both public justice and individual safety.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 194EasyVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

Legal aid is not merely a welfare measure. In criminal procedure it is also:

  1. A

    A structural guarantee of meaningful access to justice

  2. B

    A reward for wealthy litigants

  3. C

    Optional only after final appeal

  4. D

    A substitute for the judge

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. A structural guarantee of meaningful access to justice

Without legal aid, formal rights often remain unusable for poor or vulnerable accused persons. The fairness of the process itself then becomes doubtful.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 195MediumVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

The phrase 'fair trial' is inaccurate if used to mean:

  1. A

    Only fairness to the accused

  2. B

    Only fairness to the victim

  3. C

    A balanced process that respects rights, tests evidence, and aims at reliable adjudication

  4. D

    A public and reasoned court process

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Only fairness to the victim

Fair trial cannot be collapsed into one side's comfort. It is a structured balance between State power, victim dignity, and the accused's liberty and defence rights.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 196MediumVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

Test identification proceedings are ordinarily significant because they may:

  1. A

    Substitute for the whole trial

  2. B

    Assist investigation and later evaluation of whether identification evidence was naturally or reliably formed

  3. C

    Convict the accused without further proof

  4. D

    Become substantive proof by themselves in every case

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Assist investigation and later evaluation of whether identification evidence was naturally or reliably formed

Identification procedures help test whether the witness could recognise the accused independently. Their value depends on timing, fairness, and later in-court assessment.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 197EasyVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

The right of the accused to receive copies of relied-on material is important because it supports:

  1. A

    Secret trials

  2. B

    Informed defence preparation and adversarial fairness

  3. C

    Automatic discharge

  4. D

    Immediate acquittal

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Informed defence preparation and adversarial fairness

One cannot meaningfully answer a criminal case in the dark. Disclosure and access to materials are therefore basic to procedural fairness.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 198MediumVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

If the State repeatedly delays production of a witness due to administrative lethargy, the concern is not only efficiency but also:

  1. A

    The possible erosion of fair trial and credibility of adjudication

  2. B

    The loss of taxation power

  3. C

    The abolition of appeal rights

  4. D

    The disappearance of court jurisdiction

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. The possible erosion of fair trial and credibility of adjudication

Delay can affect memory, create anxiety, and weaken the quality of the record. It therefore harms fairness, not just administrative speed.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 199EasyVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

The best statement about criminal procedure and dignity is that dignity concerns:

  1. A

    Only convicted prisoners

  2. B

    Only victims

  3. C

    Every participant, including accused persons, witnesses, and complainants

  4. D

    Only judges

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Every participant, including accused persons, witnesses, and complainants

Criminal process places many people under institutional power. Dignity therefore becomes a cross-cutting principle that shapes arrest, examination, testimony, and judicial conduct.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

Question 200EasyVictim Rights, Witnesses, and Fair Trial

The long-term legitimacy of criminal justice depends most on:

  1. A

    How frequently arrests are made

  2. B

    Whether procedure produces outcomes through fairness, transparency, and disciplined use of coercive power

  3. C

    Whether every accused is kept in custody

  4. D

    Whether trials are invisible to public scrutiny

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Whether procedure produces outcomes through fairness, transparency, and disciplined use of coercive power

The law gains legitimacy when coercive power is disciplined by procedure. Fairness, transparency, and accountability are therefore not technical extras, but the foundation of authority.

Source note: LexMentor Notes, Law of Crimes II (BNSS-CrPC)

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