Judiciary question bank

Family Law MCQs for Judiciary, Page 8

Judiciary Family Law questions 176-200 of 300, with answer keys and explanations covering marriage, divorce, maintenance, succession, adoption, guardianship, Hindu law, Muslim law, and family courts.

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Practice judiciary exam MCQs with answers and explanations across substantive law, procedure, evidence, constitutional law, and state judicial service subjects.

  • Adoption and Maintenance18
  • Classical Hindu Law17
  • Code of Criminal Procedure - Section 125 - Maintenance1
  • Constitutional Family Law14
  • Domestic Violence9
  • Dowry Law5
  • Family Courts5
  • Guardianship and Custody9
  • Hindu Adoption - Shabnam Hashmi case1
  • Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act 1956 - Essentials of Valid Adoption1
  • Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act 1956 - Section 11 - Conditions for Valid Adoption1
  • Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act 1956 - Section 18 - Maintenance of Wife1
  • Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act 1956 - Section 7 - Capacity to Adopt1
  • Hindu Joint Family - Karta's Powers1
  • Hindu Joint Family - Mitakshara vs Dayabhaga1
  • Hindu Joint Family - Partition1
  • Hindu Joint Family - Pious Obligation1
  • Hindu Joint Family - Sole Surviving Coparcener1
  • Hindu Law - Ancestral vs Self-Acquired Property1
  • Hindu Law - Coparcenary after 2005 Amendment1
  • Hindu Law - Customary Law vs Codified Law1
  • Hindu Law - Doctrine of Blending1
  • Hindu Law - Gift (Daan) vs Testamentary Succession1
  • Hindu Law - Live-in Relationship1
  • Hindu Law - Sapinda Relationship1
  • Hindu Marriage19
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Bhaurao Lokhande Case1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Irretrievable Breakdown1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Judicial Separation1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Lily Thomas Case1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 11 - Void Marriage1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 12 - Voidable Marriage1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 13 - Desertion1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 13 - Grounds for Divorce1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 13(2) - Divorce by Wife1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 13B - Mutual Consent Divorce1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 2 - Applicability1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 24 - Maintenance Pendente Lite1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 25 - Permanent Alimony1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 5 - Conditions of Valid Marriage1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 7 - Solemnisation1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 8 - Registration of Marriage1
  • Hindu Marriage Act 1955 - Section 9 - Restitution of Conjugal Rights1
  • Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act 1956 - Section 6 - Natural Guardianship1
  • Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act 1956 - Welfare of Child1
  • Hindu Property11
  • Hindu Succession19
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Class II Heirs1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Disqualification from Succession1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Half-Blood and Full-Blood Heirs1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 10 - Distribution Among Heirs1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 14 - Stridhan1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 15 - Succession to Property of Hindu Female1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 23 - Dwelling House (Pre-Amendment)1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 30 - Testamentary Succession1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 4 - Overriding Effect1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 6 - Daughter as Coparcener (2005 Amendment)1
  • Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Section 8 - Class I Heirs1
  • Maintenance4
  • Matrimonial Relief18
  • Muslim Law23
  • Muslim Law - Absolute Prohibitions on Marriage1
  • Muslim Law - Agnatic Residuaries (Asaba)1
  • Muslim Law - Application of Muslim Personal Law in India1
  • Muslim Law - Capacity to Marry - Guardianship for Marriage1
  • Muslim Law - Concept of Fasid vs Batil Marriage1
  • Muslim Law - Conditions for Valid Nikah1
  • Muslim Law - Consummation and Dower1
  • Muslim Law - Divorce by Husband - Revocable vs Irrevocable1
  • Muslim Law - Divorce by Husband's Death1
  • Muslim Law - Doctrine of Increase (Aul)1
  • Muslim Law - Doctrine of Return (Radd)1
  • Muslim Law - Faskh (Dissolution by Court)1
  • Muslim Law - Gift (Hiba)1
  • Muslim Law - Guardianship (Wilayat)1
  • Muslim Law - Hiba (Gift) - Conditions for Shia Law1
  • Muslim Law - Iddat1
  • Muslim Law - Ila (Vow of Abstinence)1
  • Muslim Law - Inheritance by Non-Muslims1
  • Muslim Law - Irregular (Fasid) Marriages1
  • Muslim Law - Khul and Mubarat1
  • Muslim Law - Legitimacy and Acknowledgment1
  • Muslim Law - Lian (Mutual Cursing)1
  • Muslim Law - Mahr (Dower)1
  • Muslim Law - Maintenance of Wife During Marriage1
  • Muslim Law - Marriage During Iddat1
  • Muslim Law - Marriage Registration - Nikahnama1
  • Muslim Law - Minor's Marriage and Option of Puberty1
  • Muslim Law - Muslim Marriage Registration1
  • Muslim Law - Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act 19371
  • Muslim Law - Muslim Women's Right to Maintenance under PWDVA1
  • Muslim Law - Mut'a Marriage (Shia)1
  • Muslim Law - Nasab (Legitimacy)1
  • Muslim Law - Nikah - Nature and Definition1
  • Muslim Law - Polygamy1
  • Muslim Law - Position of Illegitimate Child in Muslim Law1
  • Muslim Law - Principle of Awl in Succession1
  • Muslim Law - Priority of Debts in Muslim Succession1
  • Muslim Law - Prohibition on Marrying Two Sisters1
  • Muslim Law - Proper Dower and Specified Dower1
  • Muslim Law - Rights of Muslim Wife After Divorce1
  • Muslim Law - Sada Mehar (Simple Dower)1
  • Muslim Law - Shayara Bano Case - Constitutional Challenge1
  • Muslim Law - Succession - Sharer (Sahib al-Fard) vs Residuaries (Asaba)1
  • Muslim Law - Talaq by Written Communication1
  • Muslim Law - Triple Talaq (Talaq-e-Biddat)1
  • Muslim Law - Valid Forms of Talaq1
  • Muslim Law - Wakf1
  • Muslim Law - Will (Wasiyyat)1
  • Muslim Law - Zihar1
  • Muslim Succession14
  • Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act 1986 - Shah Bano Case1
  • Partition6
  • Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 - Section 3 - Definition1
  • Special Marriage Act9
  • Special Marriage Act 1954 - Application1
Question 176MediumMuslim Succession

Which statement best distinguishes Muslim inheritance from Mitakshara coparcenary?

  1. A

    Daughters are never heirs in Muslim law

  2. B

    No heir has a vested birthright before the death of the propositus in Muslim inheritance

  3. C

    Every son becomes owner by birth in Muslim law

  4. D

    Muslim inheritance opens when a will is drafted

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. No heir has a vested birthright before the death of the propositus in Muslim inheritance

Muslim inheritance opens on death and does not create a Mitakshara-style interest by birth.

Source note: Singhal Family Law II Notes / Muslim Inheritance

Question 177HardMuslim Succession

In classical Sunni inheritance, the doctrine of representation is generally:

  1. A

    Not applied in the same broad manner as per stirpes succession

  2. B

    The central rule for every share

  3. C

    Identical to Hindu coparcenary survivorship

  4. D

    Relevant only to hiba

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Not applied in the same broad manner as per stirpes succession

Sunni inheritance generally applies proximity and class rules rather than a broad representation doctrine.

Source note: Singhal Family Law II Notes / Sunni Inheritance

Question 178MediumMuslim Succession

A nearer heir excluding a more remote heir is an example of:

  1. A

    Doctrine of blending

  2. B

    Restitution of conjugal rights

  3. C

    Saptapadi

  4. D

    The rule of exclusion based on proximity

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. The rule of exclusion based on proximity

Muslim inheritance uses exclusion rules in which nearer heirs may exclude remoter heirs.

Source note: Singhal Family Law II Notes / Muslim Inheritance

Question 179HardMuslim Succession

The doctrine of mushaa concerns:

  1. A

    Maintenance pendente lite

  2. B

    Mutual consent divorce

  3. C

    Gift of an undivided share in property and the problems of possession

  4. D

    A Hindu marriage ceremony

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Gift of an undivided share in property and the problems of possession

Mushaa issues arise where undivided shares are gifted and delivery of possession becomes legally complex.

Source note: Singhal Family Law II Notes / Hiba

Question 180HardMuslim Succession

A gift made during marz-ul-maut is treated cautiously because:

  1. A

    It has no relation to succession

  2. B

    It resembles a death-bed disposition and may be subjected to limits similar to testamentary restraint

  3. C

    It is always a Hindu adoption

  4. D

    It is automatically valid for the whole estate

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. It resembles a death-bed disposition and may be subjected to limits similar to testamentary restraint

Death-illness gifts may affect heirs and are therefore scrutinised under special Muslim law principles.

Source note: Singhal Family Law II Notes / Gifts during Marz-ul-Maut

Question 181MediumSpecial Marriage Act

A marriage officer under SMA receives an objection to intended marriage. What is the proper focus of inquiry?

  1. A

    Whether the objection relates to a statutory condition of marriage

  2. B

    Whether parents emotionally approve the match

  3. C

    Whether parties belong to the same caste

  4. D

    Whether one party agrees to religious conversion

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Whether the objection relates to a statutory condition of marriage

Objections under SMA must relate to statutory impediments, not social disapproval.

Source note: Special Marriage Act, 1954

Question 182HardSpecial Marriage Act

Marriage under SMA between two Hindus generally affects succession how?

  1. A

    It always makes the marriage void

  2. B

    It automatically transfers all property to the State

  3. C

    It converts the spouses to another religion

  4. D

    Succession consequences must be checked under SMA and applicable succession provisions rather than assuming all personal-law effects remain unchanged

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Succession consequences must be checked under SMA and applicable succession provisions rather than assuming all personal-law effects remain unchanged

SMA is a secular marriage statute and can have important succession consequences depending on parties and statutory provisions.

Source note: Special Marriage Act, 1954

Question 183MediumSpecial Marriage Act

The Special Marriage Act contains matrimonial remedies because:

  1. A

    Only religious marriages need remedies

  2. B

    SMA is limited to registration without remedies

  3. C

    A civil marriage still requires rules for restitution, judicial separation, nullity, divorce, and alimony

  4. D

    Civil marriage can never break down

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. A civil marriage still requires rules for restitution, judicial separation, nullity, divorce, and alimony

SMA provides a complete civil marriage framework including matrimonial reliefs.

Source note: Special Marriage Act, 1954

Question 184MediumDomestic Violence

A husband prevents his wife from accessing shared financial resources and stridhan. Which PWDVA concept is most relevant?

  1. A

    Pious obligation

  2. B

    Economic abuse

  3. C

    Sapinda relationship

  4. D

    Doctrine of mushaa

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Economic abuse

PWDVA expressly recognises economic abuse as part of domestic violence.

Source note: Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, Section 3

Question 185MediumDomestic Violence

Proceedings under PWDVA are best understood as:

  1. A

    Protective civil remedies with some penal consequences for breach of orders

  2. B

    Only a divorce petition

  3. C

    Only a succession suit

  4. D

    Only a police disciplinary inquiry

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Protective civil remedies with some penal consequences for breach of orders

PWDVA creates immediate protective remedies such as residence, protection, monetary, custody, and compensation orders.

Source note: Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005

Question 186HardDomestic Violence

V.D. Bhanot v. Savita Bhanot is commonly cited for:

  1. A

    Abolishing residence orders

  2. B

    Holding economic abuse irrelevant

  3. C

    Making PWDVA applicable only to future marriages

  4. D

    Considering pre-Act domestic relationship facts while granting protection under PWDVA

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Considering pre-Act domestic relationship facts while granting protection under PWDVA

The Supreme Court allowed protection by considering earlier domestic relationship facts in the remedial framework.

Source note: V.D. Bhanot v. Savita Bhanot

Question 187MediumDowry Law

Customary presents at marriage are less likely to be treated as dowry when:

  1. A

    They are concealed to defeat law

  2. B

    They are valuable security forced by threats

  3. C

    They are voluntary, recorded where required, and not made as consideration for marriage

  4. D

    They are demanded as a condition of marriage

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. They are voluntary, recorded where required, and not made as consideration for marriage

Dowry law distinguishes voluntary customary presents from property demanded as consideration for marriage.

Source note: Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961

Question 188MediumDowry Law

A demand is made after marriage but is linked to the marriage alliance. Which statement is correct?

  1. A

    Dowry exists only when cash changes hands

  2. B

    Timing alone does not exclude dowry if the statutory connection with marriage is proved

  3. C

    Post-marriage demands can never be dowry

  4. D

    Only pre-engagement demands are dowry

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Timing alone does not exclude dowry if the statutory connection with marriage is proved

The statutory phrase "in connection with marriage" can cover demands beyond the exact moment of marriage.

Source note: Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961, Section 2

Question 189MediumFamily Courts

Family Courts may depart from strict procedural formality because:

  1. A

    The Act permits a more settlement-oriented and less technical approach while preserving fairness

  2. B

    They are not courts at all

  3. C

    They cannot receive any documents

  4. D

    They decide only by private compromise

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. The Act permits a more settlement-oriented and less technical approach while preserving fairness

Family Courts are designed to reduce adversarial rigidity in family disputes, subject to fairness and statutory limits.

Source note: Family Courts Act, 1984

Question 190EasyFamily Courts

Use of counsellors in Family Courts reflects:

  1. A

    A ban on judicial decision-making

  2. B

    A rule that lawyers are never heard

  3. C

    A criminal sentencing function

  4. D

    The conciliatory and welfare-oriented design of family adjudication

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. The conciliatory and welfare-oriented design of family adjudication

Counselling and expert assistance support settlement and welfare in appropriate family disputes.

Source note: Family Courts Act, 1984

Question 191MediumConstitutional Family Law

Which constitutional principle most strongly supports adult intimate choice?

  1. A

    Abolition of all marriage statutes

  2. B

    Only property rights under Article 300A

  3. C

    Privacy, dignity, and decisional autonomy under Article 21

  4. D

    Absolute parental control

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Privacy, dignity, and decisional autonomy under Article 21

Modern Supreme Court decisions protect decisional autonomy in intimate and marital choices.

Source note: K.S. Puttaswamy / Shafin Jahan

Question 192HardConstitutional Family Law

When a personal-law rule is challenged as discriminatory, what is the key constitutional tension?

  1. A

    Contract price versus delivery of goods

  2. B

    Respect for personal law identity versus equality, dignity, and non-discrimination guarantees

  3. C

    Tax collection versus court fee

  4. D

    Criminal bail versus limitation

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Respect for personal law identity versus equality, dignity, and non-discrimination guarantees

Family law reform often requires balancing community norms with constitutional equality and dignity.

Source note: Constitution of India, Articles 14, 15 and 21

Question 193HardConstitutional Family Law

Independent Thought v. Union of India held that:

  1. A

    The marital rape exception could not protect sexual intercourse with a wife below eighteen years

  2. B

    All adult marital rape issues were finally settled

  3. C

    POCSO does not apply to married children

  4. D

    Child marriage became valid for all criminal purposes

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. The marital rape exception could not protect sexual intercourse with a wife below eighteen years

Independent Thought read down the exception for minor wives, aligning rape law with child protection and dignity.

Source note: Independent Thought v. Union of India

Question 194MediumConstitutional Family Law

After Joseph Shine, adultery is best described as:

  1. A

    A crime punishable only against women

  2. B

    A ground that automatically voids marriage

  3. C

    A rule of Muslim inheritance

  4. D

    Not a criminal offence, though it may remain relevant as a matrimonial wrong

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Not a criminal offence, though it may remain relevant as a matrimonial wrong

Joseph Shine decriminalised adultery but did not erase its possible civil matrimonial relevance.

Source note: Joseph Shine v. Union of India

Question 195HardConstitutional Family Law

After Supriyo v. Union of India, which statement is safest?

  1. A

    All queer relationships are criminal

  2. B

    Special Marriage Act was struck down

  3. C

    The Supreme Court did not create a judicial right to same-sex marriage under existing statutes and left recognition largely to the legislature

  4. D

    Same-sex marriage is fully recognised under HMA by judicial amendment

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. The Supreme Court did not create a judicial right to same-sex marriage under existing statutes and left recognition largely to the legislature

Supriyo declined to judicially rewrite marriage statutes while recognising concerns of dignity and equality.

Source note: Supriyo v. Union of India

Question 196MediumMaintenance

Why has Section 125 CrPC been important in family law?

  1. A

    It deals only with adoption ceremonies

  2. B

    It provides a secular summary maintenance remedy independent of strict personal-law entitlement

  3. C

    It applies only to Hindus

  4. D

    It is a succession provision

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. It provides a secular summary maintenance remedy independent of strict personal-law entitlement

Section 125 CrPC, now carried into BNSS framework, historically served as a secular anti-destitution remedy.

Source note: CrPC Section 125 / Shah Bano jurisprudence

Question 197HardMaintenance

Noor Saba Khatoon is associated with maintenance of:

  1. A

    Minor children of divorced Muslim parents under the secular maintenance framework

  2. B

    Karta's business debts

  3. C

    Daughter's coparcenary after 2005

  4. D

    Voidable Hindu marriage

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Minor children of divorced Muslim parents under the secular maintenance framework

The case protected maintenance claims of children despite debates around Muslim divorced women's legislation.

Source note: Noor Saba Khatoon v. Mohd. Quasim

Question 198MediumHindu Succession

Under Hindu Succession Act hierarchy, agnates and cognates become relevant mainly when:

  1. A

    A widow is alive as Class I heir

  2. B

    A son and daughter both survive

  3. C

    A valid will disposes of all property

  4. D

    Class I and Class II heirs are absent

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Class I and Class II heirs are absent

Sections 8 and 9 place Class I and Class II heirs before agnates and cognates.

Source note: Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Sections 8-13

Question 199EasyHindu Succession

Property of an intestate Hindu goes to the government by escheat when:

  1. A

    A widow claims maintenance

  2. B

    The property is ancestral

  3. C

    No qualified heir exists under the Act

  4. D

    A daughter claims coparcenary rights

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. No qualified heir exists under the Act

Section 29 provides escheat to government only where an intestate has left no heir qualified to succeed.

Source note: Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Section 29

Question 200HardHindu Property

A family arrangement is generally upheld when:

  1. A

    It is void unless every person receives equal property

  2. B

    It bona fide resolves family disputes or preserves family peace among persons with a possible claim

  3. C

    It is always a device to defeat minors

  4. D

    It must necessarily transfer property to strangers

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. It bona fide resolves family disputes or preserves family peace among persons with a possible claim

Courts favour genuine family arrangements that settle disputes and preserve peace, if not vitiated by fraud or illegality.

Source note: Kale v. Deputy Director of Consolidation

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