CLAT UG question bank
CLAT UG Logical Reasoning questions 287-310 of 310, with answer keys and explanations covering conclusions, assumptions, inferences, flaws, analogies, and arguments strengthened or weakened by evidence.
Coverage
Practice passage-based CLAT UG questions with answers for English, current affairs, legal reasoning, logical reasoning, and quantitative techniques.
A university installs more recycling bins and reports that recycled material doubled. It concludes that total waste has fallen. The conclusion does not follow automatically. Recycling can rise while overall consumption and discarded material also rise. Contamination may further make some collected material unusable. A stronger assessment would measure total waste generated, material purchased, contamination, reuse, and the amount actually processed rather than merely collected. Convenient bins may improve sorting. Waste reduction, however, concerns the whole material flow, not one increasing category.
Higher recycling corresponds to a reduction in total discarded material.
Every bin is full.
All purchases are recorded.
Contamination improves processing.
Correct answer: A. Higher recycling corresponds to a reduction in total discarded material.
A identifies the missing link.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 29, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Recycling labels became larger.
Total material discarded fell while verified processing and reuse increased.
More bins were purchased.
Contamination was not measured.
Correct answer: B. Total material discarded fell while verified processing and reuse increased.
B directly measures whole-system reduction.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 29, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Collection never occurs.
Universities use no materials.
Some material may be contaminated or never processed.
Recycling cannot be weighed.
Correct answer: C. Some material may be contaminated or never processed.
C follows from the second and third paragraphs.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 29, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Sorting and reduction are identical.
Consumption is irrelevant.
A larger category proves a smaller total.
Evaluation should track material from purchase through final processing.
Correct answer: D. Evaluation should track material from purchase through final processing.
D follows from the whole-flow approach.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 29, prepared in the official passage-based format.
A library stays open two hours later and reports that monthly borrowing rises. It concludes that longer hours caused the entire increase. The extension coincided with examination season and the release of a popular book series. Both could increase visits and borrowing. A stronger study would compare similar months, examine borrowing by hour, track unique users, and compare branches that did not change schedules. Longer hours may improve access for workers and students. That benefit should be tested directly rather than inferred from one aggregate increase.
Libraries should close earlier.
Borrowing cannot be measured.
Longer hours may help, but the causal claim needs comparative evidence.
Popular books reduce borrowing.
Correct answer: C. Longer hours may help, but the causal claim needs comparative evidence.
C captures the qualified conclusion.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Examination season and a popular release occurred at the same time.
The library contains shelves.
Books have titles.
Hours are measured by clocks.
Correct answer: A. Examination season and a popular release occurred at the same time.
A identifies concurrent influences.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Borrowing rose in every branch.
Late-hour borrowing rose among previously underserved users while unchanged branches did not show the same increase.
A popular series sold out nationally.
No hourly data was retained.
Correct answer: B. Late-hour borrowing rose among previously underserved users while unchanged branches did not show the same increase.
B supplies a comparison and mechanism.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
The library counts books.
The period includes a month.
Users may borrow more than once.
Other simultaneous causes were not excluded.
Correct answer: D. Other simultaneous causes were not excluded.
D identifies the causal flaw.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Aggregate growth proves one cause.
Comparison branches are irrelevant.
A plausible access benefit still requires direct measurement.
Examinations never affect libraries.
Correct answer: C. A plausible access benefit still requires direct measurement.
C follows from the final paragraph.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
A company claims to cancel its emissions by buying credits from a forest project. The arithmetic assumes the credited climate benefit would not have occurred without the payment. If the forest was already legally protected and faced no realistic threat, the purchase may finance a desirable activity without causing an additional reduction. Credibility also depends on permanence, leakage, and measurement. Trees may later burn, or protection in one area may shift clearing elsewhere. Offsets can support climate finance, but a credit should represent a durable and additional benefit rather than a convenient label.
Every forest credit is fraudulent.
Companies cannot measure emissions.
Forests have no climate value.
Offset claims require additional, durable, and well-measured benefits.
Correct answer: D. Offset claims require additional, durable, and well-measured benefits.
D captures the final standard.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
The credited benefit would not have occurred without the payment.
Every forest is unprotected.
Credits have no price.
Fire is impossible.
Correct answer: A. The credited benefit would not have occurred without the payment.
A states the additionality assumption.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
The project publishes photographs.
The forest was already secure and the payment changed no conservation outcome.
The company measures its emissions.
Local workers monitor trees.
Correct answer: B. The forest was already secure and the payment changed no conservation outcome.
B undermines additionality.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Water leaving the forest
Disclosure of company data
Protection shifting destructive activity to another place
Credits expiring online
Correct answer: C. Protection shifting destructive activity to another place
C follows from the third paragraph.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Funding a good project always cancels equal emissions.
Permanence never matters.
Legal protection proves additionality.
A beneficial payment may still fail to create the claimed additional reduction.
Correct answer: D. A beneficial payment may still fail to create the claimed additional reduction.
D follows from the second paragraph.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 30, prepared in the official passage-based format.
A facial-recognition system correctly identifies 99 percent of known targets in testing. A city proposes scanning a million people to find a very small watchlist. High accuracy does not guarantee that every alert is reliable. When genuine targets are extremely rare, even a low false-positive rate can produce many more false alerts than true ones. Performance may also vary across cameras and demographic groups. Testing must report false positives, false negatives, subgroup results, and the prevalence of actual targets. The relevant question is not only how often the system is correct in a laboratory, but what an alert means in the population where it is used.
Facial recognition never works.
Accuracy has no meaning.
Alert reliability depends on error rates, prevalence, and real-world conditions.
Every alert identifies a target.
Correct answer: C. Alert reliability depends on error rates, prevalence, and real-world conditions.
C captures the final recommendation.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Actual targets are extremely rare in the scanned population.
Cameras never record faces.
A million people cannot be counted.
Testing contains no targets.
Correct answer: A. Actual targets are extremely rare in the scanned population.
A applies the base-rate explanation.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Laboratory accuracy rises.
A field trial produces thousands of false alerts and very few true matches.
The watchlist has a name.
Cameras are installed indoors.
Correct answer: B. A field trial produces thousands of false alerts and very few true matches.
B directly demonstrates the predicted problem.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
The city's population name
The colour of cameras
The date of purchase
Error types, target prevalence, subgroup results, and field conditions
Correct answer: D. Error types, target prevalence, subgroup results, and field conditions
D follows from the third paragraph.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Laboratory results always transfer perfectly.
A rare target removes false positives.
The meaning of an alert depends partly on how common genuine targets are.
Subgroup testing is irrelevant.
Correct answer: C. The meaning of an alert depends partly on how common genuine targets are.
C follows from the second and final paragraphs.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
A town installs household water meters and reports that average consumption falls. Officials attribute the entire decline to billing by use. The installation coincided with heavy rainfall and temporary restrictions on garden watering. Both could lower household demand. Metering may reveal leaks and encourage conservation, but averages can hide whether savings came from high-use households or reduced essential use by poorer residents. A sound evaluation should compare unmetered areas, weather, prices, household groups, leak repairs, and consumption after restrictions end.
Meters never affect consumption.
Rainfall is the only cause.
Billing cannot change behaviour.
The decline requires causal and distributional evaluation.
Correct answer: D. The decline requires causal and distributional evaluation.
D captures the central recommendation.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Heavy rainfall and temporary watering restrictions
Every household moved away.
Meters increased leaks.
Prices were never recorded.
Correct answer: A. Heavy rainfall and temporary watering restrictions
A identifies concurrent influences.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Rainfall increased only in metered areas.
Matched metered households maintain larger savings after restrictions end than unmetered households.
No household groups are studied.
The town publishes the average twice.
Correct answer: B. Matched metered households maintain larger savings after restrictions end than unmetered households.
B provides a comparison after confounding restrictions end.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Meters have different colours.
Averages cannot be calculated.
The same average reduction may reflect unequal and harmful burdens.
Every household uses identical amounts.
Correct answer: C. The same average reduction may reflect unequal and harmful burdens.
C follows from the third paragraph.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.
Any decline proves the billing policy.
Leak repair increases waste.
Weather is irrelevant.
Average conservation can conceal who reduced use and why.
Correct answer: D. Average conservation can conceal who reduced use and why.
D follows from the distributional warning.
Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 31, prepared in the official passage-based format.