CLAT UG question bank

Logical Reasoning MCQs for CLAT UG, Page 7

CLAT UG Logical Reasoning questions 144-166 of 310, with answer keys and explanations covering conclusions, assumptions, inferences, flaws, analogies, and arguments strengthened or weakened by evidence.

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Practice passage-based CLAT UG questions with answers for English, current affairs, legal reasoning, logical reasoning, and quantitative techniques.

  • AI Summaries and Source Reading5
  • AI Translation and Error Rates5
  • Air Quality Alerts and Public Behaviour5
  • Algorithmic Hiring and Past Data5
  • Carbon Labels and Consumer Decisions5
  • Carbon Offsets and Additionality5
  • Cashless Buses and Boarding Time5
  • Citizen Science and Data Quality5
  • Classroom Cameras and Evidence5
  • Congestion Pricing and Urban Mobility5
  • Court Disposal Statistics5
  • Extended Library Hours5
  • Extended Library Hours and Borrowing5
  • Facial Recognition and Base Rates5
  • Facial Recognition and Public Evidence5
  • Fare-Free Public Transport5
  • Flood Maps and Property Risk5
  • Flood Sirens and False Alarms5
  • Food Labels and Consumer Choice5
  • Food Labels and Consumer Understanding5
  • Four-Day School Week Evidence5
  • Four-Day Workweek Evidence5
  • Free Bus Fares and Ridership Evidence5
  • Heat Action Plans and Evidence5
  • Heatwave Cooling Centres5
  • Hospital Wait-Time Targets5
  • Hospital Waiting-Time Targets5
  • Local Food Procurement in Schools5
  • Museum Repatriation and Digital Copies5
  • Noise Sensors and Complaint Data5
  • Open-Book Examinations and Learning5
  • Plagiarism Detectors and False Positives5
  • Police Body Cameras and Complaint Rates5
  • Predictive Maintenance for Water Pipes5
  • Predictive Policing and Feedback Loops5
  • Predictive Policing and Historical Data5
  • Public Art Surveys and Selection Bias5
  • Public Defender Caseload Statistics5
  • Public Libraries and Digital Access5
  • Public Wi-Fi and Digital Access5
  • Rainfall Forecasts and Probability5
  • Recorded Lectures and Learning Outcomes5
  • Recycling Bins and Waste Reduction5
  • Remote Work and Office Productivity5
  • Repairability and Consumer Choice5
  • Reusable Packaging Deposits5
  • River Cleanup and Downstream Waste5
  • Road Repair Complaints and Access5
  • School Breakfast and Attendance Evidence5
  • School Devices and Learning Evidence5
  • School Rankings and Attendance5
  • School Start Times and Evidence5
  • Street Lighting and Night Accidents5
  • Textbook Downloads and Learning5
  • Tree Planting and Urban Temperature Claims5
  • University Rankings and Measurement5
  • Urban Tree Planting and Survival5
  • Video Hearings and Case Disposal5
  • Water Meters and Household Consumption5
  • Water Pricing and Essential Access5
  • Wellness Apps and Sick Leave5
  • Wetland Tourism and Visitor Counts5
Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A city opens cooling centres during heatwaves and reports success because all available seats are occupied. Full rooms show demand, but not whether the centres reach those at greatest risk. Locations may be far from informal settlements, opening hours may exclude outdoor workers, and users may avoid centres where identity documents are requested. Capacity can also be too low, making full occupancy evidence of unmet demand rather than adequate service. The city should map heat vulnerability, track people turned away, provide safe transport, and compare hours with work patterns. It should measure reach, repeat use, health referrals, indoor conditions, and awareness among groups at risk. Occupancy is useful operational information. It becomes misleading only when treated as a complete measure of protection.

Question 144HardHeatwave Cooling Centres

Which finding would most weaken the success claim?

  1. A

    Rooms are cool.

  2. B

    Staff provide water.

  3. C

    Centres publish opening times.

  4. D

    Many vulnerable residents cannot reach the centres while all seats remain occupied by a small nearby group.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Many vulnerable residents cannot reach the centres while all seats remain occupied by a small nearby group.

D shows that full occupancy masks exclusion.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 15, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 145MediumHeatwave Cooling Centres

Why may full occupancy indicate failure rather than adequacy?

  1. A

    It can reveal that capacity is below demand and people are being turned away.

  2. B

    Occupied seats create heat.

  3. C

    Demand is irrelevant to service planning.

  4. D

    Every full centre must close.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. It can reveal that capacity is below demand and people are being turned away.

A follows from the second paragraph.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 15, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A district proposes ranking schools by attendance and rewarding the highest performers. Attendance matters, but rankings may encourage schools to remove frequently absent students from rolls or pressure ill students to attend. Absence also has different causes. Unsafe transport, seasonal work, illness, disability access, and inaccurate records require different responses. A single percentage does not identify which problem a school faces. The district should audit enrolment, distinguish authorised and avoidable absence, examine student retention, and monitor exclusions. Support should address causes while rewards should not make schools better off by losing difficult-to-serve students. A measure changes behaviour when linked to consequences. Policy must therefore evaluate both the outcome measured and the incentives created by measuring it.

Question 146MediumSchool Rankings and Attendance

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Attendance rankings are always accurate.

  2. B

    Rewards should depend only on one percentage.

  3. C

    Absence has no connection to access.

  4. D

    Attendance policy must account for causes, retention, and incentives created by ranking.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Attendance policy must account for causes, retention, and incentives created by ranking.

D captures the passage's central warning.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 15, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 147HardSchool Rankings and Attendance

Which behaviour could artificially improve a school's attendance rate?

  1. A

    Removing frequently absent students from the enrolment roll

  2. B

    Improving safe transport

  3. C

    Correcting inaccurate records

  4. D

    Providing disability access

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Removing frequently absent students from the enrolment roll

A changes the denominator without necessarily improving student attendance.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 15, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 148MediumSchool Rankings and Attendance

Which finding would most strengthen the criticism of simple rankings?

  1. A

    Attendance records use percentages.

  2. B

    Some highly ranked schools improved rates mainly by excluding frequently absent students.

  3. C

    Schools open five days a week.

  4. D

    Students have different subjects.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Some highly ranked schools improved rates mainly by excluding frequently absent students.

B confirms the predicted gaming behaviour.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 15, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 149HardSchool Rankings and Attendance

Which policy best addresses the author's concerns?

  1. A

    Rewarding the highest raw rate without audit

  2. B

    Ignoring student retention

  3. C

    Combining attendance improvement with retention, access, and exclusion checks

  4. D

    Removing authorised absence from every record without review

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Combining attendance improvement with retention, access, and exclusion checks

C measures improvement while guarding against harmful incentives.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 15, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 150MediumSchool Rankings and Attendance

Which statement follows most strongly from the passage?

  1. A

    A measure can become less reliable when institutions gain incentives to manipulate it.

  2. B

    All rankings improve behaviour.

  3. C

    Attendance has only one cause.

  4. D

    Rewards never affect reporting.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. A measure can become less reliable when institutions gain incentives to manipulate it.

A reflects the final paragraph and the examples.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 15, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A hospital rewards departments that keep average waiting time below thirty minutes. The target appears clear, but the average can fall without patients receiving faster care. Staff may delay registering difficult cases, redirect complex patients, or record the start of waiting at a later stage. An average also conceals distribution. Many quick consultations can offset a few extremely long waits. Those longest waits may involve patients whose conditions require the most urgent attention. The hospital should retain time targets but audit registration, report median and maximum waits, separate emergency categories, and track patients redirected elsewhere. Measures should help managers locate delay, not merely produce a favourable number. A target is useful when it improves the service represented by the number. When institutions can improve the number by changing records or access, success on the target is not enough.

Question 151MediumHospital Waiting-Time Targets

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Waiting-time targets require supporting measures and audits to show genuine service improvement.

  2. B

    Hospitals should stop recording time.

  3. C

    Every short consultation is poor care.

  4. D

    Maximum waiting time is the only useful measure.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Waiting-time targets require supporting measures and audits to show genuine service improvement.

A captures the qualified defence of targets with broader evaluation.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 152HardHospital Waiting-Time Targets

The hospital's reward system assumes that:

  1. A

    Complex patients never attend hospitals.

  2. B

    Registration always occurs after treatment.

  3. C

    A lower recorded average generally reflects faster access rather than altered recording or exclusion.

  4. D

    Emergency categories are identical.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. A lower recorded average generally reflects faster access rather than altered recording or exclusion.

C must hold for the target to indicate genuine improvement.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 153MediumHospital Waiting-Time Targets

Which finding most weakens the claim that the target improved care?

  1. A

    The hospital publishes monthly reports.

  2. B

    Staff receive training.

  3. C

    Some consultations take less than ten minutes.

  4. D

    Departments met the target mainly by postponing registration of complex patients.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Departments met the target mainly by postponing registration of complex patients.

D shows the number improved through recording practices rather than care.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 154HardHospital Waiting-Time Targets

Which finding most strengthens the claim of genuine improvement?

  1. A

    Maximum waits doubled while the average fell.

  2. B

    Audited arrival-to-treatment times fell across emergency categories without increased redirection.

  3. C

    Registration rules changed midway without disclosure.

  4. D

    More difficult patients were sent elsewhere.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Audited arrival-to-treatment times fell across emergency categories without increased redirection.

B provides broad, audited evidence against the identified forms of gaming.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 155MediumHospital Waiting-Time Targets

Why does the author recommend reporting maximum waits?

  1. A

    It helps reveal severe delays hidden by an average.

  2. B

    It guarantees every patient identical treatment.

  3. C

    It removes the need for registration.

  4. D

    It makes emergency categories irrelevant.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. It helps reveal severe delays hidden by an average.

A follows from the argument about distribution.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A court administration proposes judging performance by the number of cases disposed of each month. Disposal is important, especially where backlogs are large. Yet a raw count treats a simple withdrawal and a complex judgment as equivalent units. Once rewards depend on the count, institutions may prioritise easy matters, repeatedly list cases likely to settle, or record transfers as disposals. The total may rise while old and difficult disputes remain unresolved. Evaluation should distinguish modes of disposal, age of cases, complexity, reversal rates, compliance, and time taken at different stages. These measures are imperfect, but together they make strategic avoidance harder. No statistic can capture justice completely. The practical aim is a set of indicators that reveals speed without rewarding the sacrifice of fairness, durability, or attention to difficult cases.

Question 156MediumCourt Disposal Statistics

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Case counts should replace all qualitative review.

  2. B

    Court performance requires multiple indicators because raw disposal counts can distort priorities.

  3. C

    Complex cases should never be decided.

  4. D

    Backlogs have no effect on justice.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Court performance requires multiple indicators because raw disposal counts can distort priorities.

B captures the central case for a broader set of indicators.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 157HardCourt Disposal Statistics

Which finding most weakens the use of raw disposal count as the sole performance measure?

  1. A

    Monthly counts are easy to publish.

  2. B

    Some cases settle.

  3. C

    Courts use electronic filing.

  4. D

    High-count courts leave older complex cases pending while processing many simple withdrawals.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. High-count courts leave older complex cases pending while processing many simple withdrawals.

D confirms the distortion predicted in the passage.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 158MediumCourt Disposal Statistics

Which reform best supports the author's proposal?

  1. A

    Reporting disposal mode, case age, complexity, and reversal data together

  2. B

    Rewarding only the highest monthly count

  3. C

    Treating transfers and final judgments as identical

  4. D

    Ignoring compliance with orders

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Treating transfers and final judgments as identical

C matches the multi-indicator evaluation proposed in the third paragraph.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 159HardCourt Disposal Statistics

The criticism of count-based rewards depends on which assumption?

  1. A

    Institutions may change priorities in response to measured incentives.

  2. B

    Every complex case must end in reversal.

  3. C

    Withdrawn cases are unlawful.

  4. D

    No court can measure time.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Institutions may change priorities in response to measured incentives.

A connects rewards to the strategic behaviour identified by the author.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 160MediumCourt Disposal Statistics

Which statement follows most strongly from the passage?

  1. A

    Speed and fairness can never be considered together.

  2. B

    A rising disposal total does not by itself prove that backlog quality has improved.

  3. C

    Old cases are always more important than new ones.

  4. D

    Statistical evaluation should be abandoned.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. A rising disposal total does not by itself prove that backlog quality has improved.

B follows from the examples of easy disposals masking difficult pending cases.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 16, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A police department claims that body cameras improved conduct because complaints against officers fell by forty percent. The decline is relevant, but it has several possible explanations. Conduct may have improved, citizens may have found complaint procedures harder, or officers may have activated cameras selectively. Complaint counts record reporting as well as behaviour. A fall can therefore accompany either improvement or reduced access to accountability. The department should audit activation logs, compare similar patrol units, survey people who did not file formal complaints, and examine use-of-force incidents. Camera footage retention and access rules also matter because recording without review may change little. Body cameras may be valuable. The evidence becomes persuasive when it connects the technology to conduct while ruling out plausible changes in reporting and enforcement.

Question 161MediumPolice Body Cameras and Complaint Rates

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Complaint rates should never be measured.

  2. B

    Every camera recording proves misconduct.

  3. C

    Lower complaints support the claim only if alternative explanations are examined.

  4. D

    Body cameras cannot affect behaviour.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Lower complaints support the claim only if alternative explanations are examined.

C captures the passage's qualified evaluation of the evidence.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 17, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 162HardPolice Body Cameras and Complaint Rates

The department's claim assumes that:

  1. A

    The fall in complaints reflects improved conduct rather than reduced reporting or selective recording.

  2. B

    Every patrol unit is identical.

  3. C

    Citizens never complain informally.

  4. D

    Camera footage requires no access rules.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. The fall in complaints reflects improved conduct rather than reduced reporting or selective recording.

A is required for the complaint decline to support the stated conclusion.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 17, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 163MediumPolice Body Cameras and Complaint Rates

Which finding most weakens the department's claim?

  1. A

    Activation rates rose and use-of-force incidents fell.

  2. B

    Independent reviewers examined footage.

  3. C

    Similar units showed the same patrol mix.

  4. D

    Complaint forms became harder to access during the same period.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Complaint forms became harder to access during the same period.

D provides an alternative explanation based on reduced reporting.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 17, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 164HardPolice Body Cameras and Complaint Rates

Which finding most strengthens the claim that cameras improved conduct?

  1. A

    Officers often failed to activate cameras.

  2. B

    Audited activation was high and comparable units without cameras showed no similar decline in complaints or force.

  3. C

    People became less aware of complaint procedures.

  4. D

    Formal complaint offices were closed.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Audited activation was high and comparable units without cameras showed no similar decline in complaints or force.

B links the intervention to improved outcomes while addressing alternatives.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 17, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 165MediumPolice Body Cameras and Complaint Rates

Why are activation logs relevant?

  1. A

    They establish every officer's motive.

  2. B

    They replace the need to examine conduct.

  3. C

    They help determine whether cameras were actually operating during encounters.

  4. D

    They prove that every complaint is false.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. They help determine whether cameras were actually operating during encounters.

C follows from the concern about selective activation.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 17, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

Residents oppose a revised flood-risk map because their neighbourhood has not flooded in twenty years. That history matters, but it does not settle future risk. New construction may reduce natural drainage, rainfall patterns may change, and protective structures may deteriorate. The map can still be wrong. Models depend on elevation data, assumptions, and maintenance records. Officials should publish methods, test predictions against past events, and create a process for correcting property-level errors. Falling property values do not by themselves disprove the map. They may show that people take the stated risk seriously. At the same time, a model's social consequences increase the need for accuracy and review. The proper response to an unwelcome risk estimate is neither automatic acceptance nor rejection. It is transparent examination of the evidence, uncertainty, and available corrections.

Question 166MediumFlood Maps and Property Risk

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Revised maps must always be accepted.

  2. B

    Past flooding is entirely irrelevant.

  3. C

    Property values determine physical risk.

  4. D

    Flood maps should be evaluated transparently rather than accepted or rejected automatically.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Flood maps should be evaluated transparently rather than accepted or rejected automatically.

D captures the balanced conclusion in the final paragraph.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 17, prepared in the official passage-based format.

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English Language310 questions with explanationsCurrent Affairs including General Knowledge310 questions with explanationsLegal Reasoning310 questions with explanationsQuantitative Techniques310 questions with explanations