CLAT UG question bank

Logical Reasoning MCQs for CLAT UG, Page 9

CLAT UG Logical Reasoning questions 191-214 of 310, with answer keys and explanations covering conclusions, assumptions, inferences, flaws, analogies, and arguments strengthened or weakened by evidence.

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Practice passage-based CLAT UG questions with answers for English, current affairs, legal reasoning, logical reasoning, and quantitative techniques.

  • AI Summaries and Source Reading5
  • AI Translation and Error Rates5
  • Air Quality Alerts and Public Behaviour5
  • Algorithmic Hiring and Past Data5
  • Carbon Labels and Consumer Decisions5
  • Carbon Offsets and Additionality5
  • Cashless Buses and Boarding Time5
  • Citizen Science and Data Quality5
  • Classroom Cameras and Evidence5
  • Congestion Pricing and Urban Mobility5
  • Court Disposal Statistics5
  • Extended Library Hours5
  • Extended Library Hours and Borrowing5
  • Facial Recognition and Base Rates5
  • Facial Recognition and Public Evidence5
  • Fare-Free Public Transport5
  • Flood Maps and Property Risk5
  • Flood Sirens and False Alarms5
  • Food Labels and Consumer Choice5
  • Food Labels and Consumer Understanding5
  • Four-Day School Week Evidence5
  • Four-Day Workweek Evidence5
  • Free Bus Fares and Ridership Evidence5
  • Heat Action Plans and Evidence5
  • Heatwave Cooling Centres5
  • Hospital Wait-Time Targets5
  • Hospital Waiting-Time Targets5
  • Local Food Procurement in Schools5
  • Museum Repatriation and Digital Copies5
  • Noise Sensors and Complaint Data5
  • Open-Book Examinations and Learning5
  • Plagiarism Detectors and False Positives5
  • Police Body Cameras and Complaint Rates5
  • Predictive Maintenance for Water Pipes5
  • Predictive Policing and Feedback Loops5
  • Predictive Policing and Historical Data5
  • Public Art Surveys and Selection Bias5
  • Public Defender Caseload Statistics5
  • Public Libraries and Digital Access5
  • Public Wi-Fi and Digital Access5
  • Rainfall Forecasts and Probability5
  • Recorded Lectures and Learning Outcomes5
  • Recycling Bins and Waste Reduction5
  • Remote Work and Office Productivity5
  • Repairability and Consumer Choice5
  • Reusable Packaging Deposits5
  • River Cleanup and Downstream Waste5
  • Road Repair Complaints and Access5
  • School Breakfast and Attendance Evidence5
  • School Devices and Learning Evidence5
  • School Rankings and Attendance5
  • School Start Times and Evidence5
  • Street Lighting and Night Accidents5
  • Textbook Downloads and Learning5
  • Tree Planting and Urban Temperature Claims5
  • University Rankings and Measurement5
  • Urban Tree Planting and Survival5
  • Video Hearings and Case Disposal5
  • Water Meters and Household Consumption5
  • Water Pricing and Essential Access5
  • Wellness Apps and Sick Leave5
  • Wetland Tourism and Visitor Counts5
Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A city sends air-quality alerts and reports success because outdoor activity falls on polluted days. Reduced exposure may be beneficial, but the result does not show that every resident can respond equally. People working outdoors cannot simply remain inside. Some homes also lack effective ventilation or filtration, so an instruction to stay indoors may shift rather than remove exposure. The city should combine alerts with workplace protections, clean-air shelters, school protocols, and information in accessible languages. It should measure exposure and health outcomes across groups, not only changes in average mobility. Information is useful when people have realistic means to act on it. An alert system should therefore be evaluated together with the protections that make compliance possible.

Question 191MediumAir Quality Alerts and Public Behaviour

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Alerts should be assessed with the protections that enable different groups to act.

  2. B

    Air pollution affects only outdoor workers.

  3. C

    Mobility data measures every health outcome.

  4. D

    Information has no public value.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Alerts should be assessed with the protections that enable different groups to act.

A captures the final argument.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 192HardAir Quality Alerts and Public Behaviour

A claim based only on reduced outdoor activity assumes that:

  1. A

    Every home has identical air.

  2. B

    Schools never close.

  3. C

    Lower mobility indicates meaningful exposure reduction across affected groups.

  4. D

    Outdoor workers receive no alerts.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Lower mobility indicates meaningful exposure reduction across affected groups.

C is needed for mobility to establish broad protection.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 193MediumAir Quality Alerts and Public Behaviour

Which finding most weakens the city's success claim?

  1. A

    Alert messages are short.

  2. B

    Outdoor workers remain highly exposed and indoor pollution rises in poorly ventilated homes.

  3. C

    Weather data is recorded.

  4. D

    Some residents own phones.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Outdoor workers remain highly exposed and indoor pollution rises in poorly ventilated homes.

B shows that reduced average mobility may not reduce exposure.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 194HardAir Quality Alerts and Public Behaviour

Which finding most strengthens the programme?

  1. A

    Alerts are issued after pollution ends.

  2. B

    Only central districts receive messages.

  3. C

    Mobility falls without any exposure measurement.

  4. D

    Alerts plus workplace and shelter measures reduce exposure across income and occupation groups.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Alerts plus workplace and shelter measures reduce exposure across income and occupation groups.

D provides broad evidence of actionable protection.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 195MediumAir Quality Alerts and Public Behaviour

Why are clean-air shelters relevant?

  1. A

    They give people without safe indoor space a practical protective option.

  2. B

    They replace pollution monitoring.

  3. C

    They increase outdoor work.

  4. D

    They make alerts unnecessary.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. They give people without safe indoor space a practical protective option.

A follows from the concern about unequal capacity to remain safely indoors.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A council places a survey code beside a new sculpture. Eighty percent of respondents support the installation, so the council concludes that eighty percent of residents approve. The respondents are self-selected. People who visit the site, notice the code, have a phone, and feel motivated to answer are more likely to appear in the results. Their views may differ from those of other residents. The survey still provides useful comments from engaged visitors. To estimate public approval, however, the council should sample residents across neighbourhoods, provide offline options, report non-response, and separate familiarity with the sculpture from opinion about it. A large number of responses does not remove selection bias when the route into the sample remains unrepresentative.

Question 196MediumPublic Art Surveys and Selection Bias

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Public art should never be surveyed.

  2. B

    The voluntary survey cannot by itself estimate approval among all residents.

  3. C

    Every visitor supports the sculpture.

  4. D

    Phone surveys are always invalid.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. The voluntary survey cannot by itself estimate approval among all residents.

B captures the sampling criticism.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 197HardPublic Art Surveys and Selection Bias

What is the main flaw in the council's inference?

  1. A

    The sculpture has no code.

  2. B

    Eighty percent is not a percentage.

  3. C

    Residents cannot have opinions.

  4. D

    Self-selected respondents are treated as representative of all residents.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Self-selected respondents are treated as representative of all residents.

D identifies the selection bias.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 198MediumPublic Art Surveys and Selection Bias

Which method would most strengthen an estimate of resident approval?

  1. A

    Counting only repeat visitors

  2. B

    Keeping the code at one site

  3. C

    Drawing a neighbourhood-based sample with online and offline response options

  4. D

    Removing non-response information

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Drawing a neighbourhood-based sample with online and offline response options

C improves representativeness and access.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 199HardPublic Art Surveys and Selection Bias

Which statement follows from the passage?

  1. A

    More responses do not cure a biased method of selecting respondents.

  2. B

    Small surveys are always accurate.

  3. C

    Engaged visitors provide no useful information.

  4. D

    Every resident must see the sculpture daily.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. More responses do not cure a biased method of selecting respondents.

A restates the final paragraph.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 200MediumPublic Art Surveys and Selection Bias

What can the original survey most reasonably support?

  1. A

    An exact estimate for every resident

  2. B

    Information about the views and comments of participating visitors

  3. C

    Proof that non-respondents object

  4. D

    A finding that access never affects response

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Information about the views and comments of participating visitors

B reflects the limited but genuine value identified.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 20, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A town's flood siren sounded twice when no flood followed. Some residents demand that warnings be issued only when flooding is certain. That standard would make warnings arrive too late because forecasts must operate under uncertainty. False alarms still carry costs. Repeated unnecessary evacuation can reduce trust, disrupt work, and make later warnings less effective. The town should publish alert thresholds, distinguish watch from evacuation messages, evaluate missed events as well as false alarms, and provide transport for people who need assistance. A warning system should not seek zero false alarms at any cost. It should manage the trade-off between acting early and maintaining credibility while protecting those most exposed.

Question 201MediumFlood Sirens and False Alarms

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    Every false alarm proves failure.

  2. B

    Warnings should wait for certainty.

  3. C

    Flood alerts should balance early action, credibility, and protection.

  4. D

    Forecasts have no public use.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Flood alerts should balance early action, credibility, and protection.

C captures the trade-off identified.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 202HardFlood Sirens and False Alarms

Why is requiring certainty before warning flawed?

  1. A

    Certainty reduces all risk.

  2. B

    A useful warning often must be issued before the outcome is certain.

  3. C

    Floods always occur without rain.

  4. D

    Residents cannot evacuate.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. A useful warning often must be issued before the outcome is certain.

B follows from the first paragraph.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 203MediumFlood Sirens and False Alarms

Which reform most strengthens the warning system?

  1. A

    Publishing thresholds and using distinct messages for different risk levels

  2. B

    Removing every siren

  3. C

    Ignoring missed floods

  4. D

    Issuing identical messages for all conditions

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Publishing thresholds and using distinct messages for different risk levels

A matches the proposed risk communication.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 204HardFlood Sirens and False Alarms

Which finding most weakens the claim that the current system is effective?

  1. A

    Residents know the siren location.

  2. B

    Forecasts contain probabilities.

  3. C

    Transport is available.

  4. D

    Frequent unexplained alarms cause many residents to ignore a later accurate warning.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Frequent unexplained alarms cause many residents to ignore a later accurate warning.

D shows loss of credibility producing real harm.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 205MediumFlood Sirens and False Alarms

Why should missed events also be measured?

  1. A

    They make thresholds unnecessary.

  2. B

    Only missed events have costs.

  3. C

    They reveal the risk of failing to warn, which must be weighed against false alarms.

  4. D

    They guarantee certainty.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. They reveal the risk of failing to warn, which must be weighed against false alarms.

C follows from the need to assess both sides of the trade-off.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A company offers a wellness app and observes that employees who use it take fewer sick days. It concludes that the app improves health. Users, however, may already be healthier, have more flexible jobs, or feel more comfortable sharing data. Sick leave is also an imperfect measure. Employees may work while ill because of workload or fear, so fewer absences can coexist with worse health. The company should compare similar employees, measure voluntary participation, protect privacy, and examine health outcomes beyond attendance. A randomised invitation could help separate the effect of access from prior motivation. The app may help, but neither self-selection nor reduced absence alone establishes that it caused better health.

Question 206MediumWellness Apps and Sick Leave

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    The app certainly harms health.

  2. B

    Sick leave should never be recorded.

  3. C

    Every employee has flexible work.

  4. D

    Observed app use and lower absence do not alone prove a health benefit.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Observed app use and lower absence do not alone prove a health benefit.

D captures the causal caution.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 207HardWellness Apps and Sick Leave

Which fact offers an alternative explanation for the association?

  1. A

    Healthier and more flexible employees may be more likely to use the app.

  2. B

    The app has a name.

  3. C

    The company has an office.

  4. D

    Sick leave is counted in days.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Healthier and more flexible employees may be more likely to use the app.

A identifies selection differences.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 208MediumWellness Apps and Sick Leave

Why can fewer sick days be a misleading health measure?

  1. A

    Absence always improves health.

  2. B

    Employees may work while ill rather than recover.

  3. C

    Apps prevent all illness.

  4. D

    Workload never affects attendance.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Employees may work while ill rather than recover.

B follows from the second paragraph.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 209HardWellness Apps and Sick Leave

Which evidence most strengthens the claim that the app improves health?

  1. A

    Only enthusiastic users are surveyed.

  2. B

    Privacy concerns are ignored.

  3. C

    Comparable groups receiving randomised invitations show better independent health outcomes among those offered access.

  4. D

    Sick employees stop reporting absence.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Comparable groups receiving randomised invitations show better independent health outcomes among those offered access.

C improves causal inference and measurement.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 210MediumWellness Apps and Sick Leave

Which safeguard does the author expressly recommend?

  1. A

    Compulsory disclosure of all medical data

  2. B

    Removal of health measures

  3. C

    Punishment for non-users

  4. D

    Protection of employee privacy

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Protection of employee privacy

D is stated in the third paragraph.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 21, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Passage or principleOriginal argumentative passage

A district adopts a four-day school week and reports improved attendance. It concludes that the shorter week benefits students. Attendance may rise simply because there are fewer school days on which absence can occur. Longer school days may also increase fatigue, while families may face childcare costs on the fifth day. Rural districts with long travel times may experience different effects from urban districts. The district should compare attendance rates rather than raw absence counts, examine learning time and outcomes, and track effects across age, disability, income, and location. A schedule should be judged by the full pattern of learning and access it creates, not by one improved number whose denominator has changed.

Question 211MediumFour-Day School Week Evidence

Which statement best expresses the author's conclusion?

  1. A

    The schedule requires broader evaluation than a raw attendance improvement.

  2. B

    Every four-day week harms students.

  3. C

    Childcare has no relation to access.

  4. D

    Urban and rural districts are identical.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. The schedule requires broader evaluation than a raw attendance improvement.

A captures the passage's central evaluation standard.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 22, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 212HardFour-Day School Week Evidence

What is the main flaw in relying on raw absence counts?

  1. A

    Attendance cannot be measured.

  2. B

    Every student attends daily.

  3. C

    The number of possible school days has changed.

  4. D

    Longer days are always shorter.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. The number of possible school days has changed.

C identifies the denominator problem.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 22, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 213MediumFour-Day School Week Evidence

Which finding most weakens the claim that the schedule benefits students?

  1. A

    Attendance rates rise and learning improves.

  2. B

    Travel time falls.

  3. C

    Schools report data by age.

  4. D

    Learning declines and childcare burdens increase despite fewer recorded absences.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Learning declines and childcare burdens increase despite fewer recorded absences.

D shows broader harms masked by the chosen measure.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 22, prepared in the official passage-based format.

Question 214HardFour-Day School Week Evidence

Which evidence most strengthens the district's claim?

  1. A

    Raw absence totals fall because one day is removed.

  2. B

    Comparable districts show improved attendance rates and learning without increased access burdens.

  3. C

    No learning outcomes are measured.

  4. D

    Only administrators are surveyed.

View answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Comparable districts show improved attendance rates and learning without increased access burdens.

B provides comparative and multidimensional evidence.

Source note: Original LexMentor CLAT UG Batch 22, prepared in the official passage-based format.

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English Language310 questions with explanationsCurrent Affairs including General Knowledge310 questions with explanationsLegal Reasoning310 questions with explanationsQuantitative Techniques310 questions with explanations